What happens when a conductor moves across a magnetic field?

When a conductor moves across a magnetic field, a voltage is induced in the conductor due to the phenomenon known as electromagnetic induction. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, a change in the magnetic environment of a coil or conductor will produce an electromotive force (EMF) in the conductor. This induced voltage is proportional to the speed at which the conductor moves through the magnetic field and the strength of the magnetic field itself.

As the conductor enters or leaves the magnetic field, or if it moves at an angle to the magnetic field lines, it cuts through those lines of magnetic flux, resulting in the generation of an electric current when the conductor circuit is closed. This principle is fundamental in the operation of many electrical generators and motors, illustrating the direct relationship between mechanical movement, magnetic fields, and electrical energy production.