In a centrifugal compressor, what is the function of the volute?

In a centrifugal compressor, the volute plays a crucial role in the design and functionality of the entire system. Its primary function is to convert the kinetic energy of the refrigerant, which is imparted to it by the rotating impeller, into static pressure. As the refrigerant moves through the impeller, it gains velocity. The design of the volute, which is a spiral-shaped casing, allows this high-velocity refrigerant to expand and decelerate as it enters the volute.

This deceleration causes the refrigerant's speed to drop while simultaneously increasing its pressure. The volute thus serves as a transition point where the high-speed flow of refrigerant is transformed into higher static pressure suitable for further movement through the system. This transformation is essential for the efficient operation of refrigeration and air conditioning systems, enabling the refrigerant to circulate effectively and maintain the desired temperature and pressure levels throughout the system.

Other functions mentioned, such as separating liquids from gases or regulating refrigerant flow, are not relevant to the primary role of the volute in the context of a centrifugal compressor.