If a 60 watt, 230V crankcase heater is connected to a 117V supply, how many watts of heat energy are being supplied to the crankcase?

To determine the heat energy supplied to the crankcase when a 60-watt, 230V heater is connected to a 117V supply, it is essential to understand how the power of the heater will adjust based on the reduction in voltage.

The power consumed by an electrical heater is proportional to the square of the voltage (P ∝ V²). Thus, when the heater is not operating at its rated voltage (230V), we can calculate the effective power delivered at the lower voltage (117V) by using the following formula:

1. First, calculate the ratio of the square of the voltage supplied to the rated voltage:

[

\frac{P_{\text{new}}}{P_{\text{rated}}} = \left(\frac{V_{\text{new}}}{V_{\text{rated}}}\right)^2

]

Where:

• ( P_{\text{new}} ) is the power at 117V

• ( P_{\text{rated}} ) is the power at 230V (60 watts)

• ( V_{\text{new}} = 117V )

• ( V_{\text{rated}} = 230V )